Alfred Marshall - Principles of Economics (1890)

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In the absence of any short term in common use to represent all desirable things, or things that satisfy human wants, we may use the term Goods for that purpose.

Alfred Marshall
But if inventions have increased man's power over nature very much, then the real value of money is better measured for some purposes in labour than in commodities.

Alfred Marshall
We might as reasonably dispute whether it is the upper or the under blade of a pair of scissors that cuts a piece of paper, as whether value is governed by utility or cost of production.

Alfred Marshall
Nature's action is complex: and nothing is gained in the long run by pretending that it is simple, and trying to describe it in a series of elementary propositions.

Alfred Marshall
Individual and national rights to wealth rest on the basis of civil and international law, or at least of custom that has the force of law.

Alfred Marshall
Political Economy or Economics is a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life.

Alfred Marshall
Producer's Surplus is a convenient name for the genus of which the rent of land is the leading species.

Alfred Marshall
In common use almost every word has many shades of meaning, and therefore needs to be interpreted by the context.

Alfred Marshall
Again, most of the chief distinctions marked by economic terms are differences not of kind but of degree.

Alfred Marshall
Material goods consist of useful material things, and of all rights to hold, or use, or derive benefits from material things, or to receive them at a future time.

Alfred Marshall