William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin Quote

It is impossible, by means of inanimate material agency, to derive mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature of the coldest of the surrounding objects.


On the Dynamical Theory of Heat, with Numerical Results Deduced, from Mr. Joule's Equivalent of a Thermal Unit, and M. Regnault's, Observations on Steam, Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, March 1851


It is impossible, by means of inanimate material agency, to derive mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature...

It is impossible, by means of inanimate material agency, to derive mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature...

It is impossible, by means of inanimate material agency, to derive mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature...

It is impossible, by means of inanimate material agency, to derive mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature...