Oosthuizen's red spot is a classic example of what's known in sports psychology as a process goal-a technique by which the athlete is required to focus on something, however minor, to prevent them from thinking about other things: in Oosthuizen's case, all the ways he could possibly screw up the shot.

The Wisdom of Psychopaths: What Saints, Spies, and Serial Killers Can Teach Us About Success (ed. 2012)