It does not at present look as though Nature had designed the universe primarily for life; the normal star and the normal nebula have nothing to do with life except making it impossible. Life is the end of a chain of byproducts; it seems to be the accident, and life-destroying radiation the essential.


Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, 1928, The Wider Aspects of Cosmogony (p. 177)


It does not at present look as though Nature had designed the universe primarily for life; the normal star and the normal nebula have nothing to do...

It does not at present look as though Nature had designed the universe primarily for life; the normal star and the normal nebula have nothing to do...

It does not at present look as though Nature had designed the universe primarily for life; the normal star and the normal nebula have nothing to do...

It does not at present look as though Nature had designed the universe primarily for life; the normal star and the normal nebula have nothing to do...