Either one defines personality and individuality in terms of their possibilities within the established form of civilization, in which case their realization is for the vast majority tantamount to successful adjustment. Or one defines them in terms of their transcending content, including their socially denied potentialities beyond (and beneath) their actual existence; in this case, their realization would imply transgression, beyond the established form of civilization, to radically new modes of personality and individuality incompatible with the prevailing ones. Today, this would mean curing the patient to become a rebel or (which is saying the same thing) a martyr.

Critique of Neo-Freudian Revisionism - Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud (1955)