The project manager's job is not an easy one. Project managers may have increasing responsibility, but very little authority. This lack of authority can force them to negotiate with upper-level management as well as functional management for control of company resources. They may often be treated as outsiders by the formal organization.

p. 10 (2e ed. 1984) partly cited in: Frederick Betz (2011) Managing Technological Innovation. p. 172 - Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling (1979)